BUSH AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES

    Bush has taken over $300,000 from pharmaceutical companies for his Presidential campaign, while the prescription drug approach Bush favors is the same approach supported by the drug industry.

Cost of Prescriptions for Seniors is High And Rising.  The 50 drugs used most frequently by seniors rose by nearly twice the rate of inflation in 1999.  The cost of those 50 drugs rose by 3.9 percent in that year, compared to the 2.2 percent rate of inflation.  From January 1994 to January 2000, the prices of prescription drugs most frequently used by seniors rose 30.5 percent, which is twice the rate of inflation for that time period (15.4 percent).  [Families USA, Still Rising:  Drug Prices for Seniors 1999-2000, 4/00]

BUSH CLOSE TO DRUG INDUSTRY

Bush Has Taken $385, 315 From Pharmaceutical Companies.  The Wall Street Journal reported, "According to election records analyzed by the Center for Responsive Politics, a watchdog group, pharmaceutical manufacturers gave almost as much, $385,315, in hopes that Mr. Bush will help them fend off government efforts to control drug prices." [Wall Street Journal, 7/31/00]

Top Bush Adviser Represents Drug Companies. Top Bush health care policy adviser Deborah Steelman has represented major pharmaceutical companies, including Bristol-Myers Squibb, Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer, and PhRMA, a leading advocate for the pharmaceutical industry. [Washington Representatives, 2000]

Pharmaceutical Companies Ran Scare Ads.  The pharmaceutical industry-backed Citizens for Better Medicare ran print, radio, and television ads warning that Congressional regulation of drug prices will result in "Canadian-style government price controls and government-run health care."  The ads imply that unhappiness with their health care system has driven Canadians into the United States for medicine. [Associated Press, 4/18/00]

Bush Consultant Created CBM's 1999 Ads.  Bush consultant Alex Castellanos and his firm, National Media, created Citizens' for Better Medicare's 1999 ads.  Castellanos, who is Bush's ad buyer, has been paid four times as much as any other Bush consultant and is also leading the Republican National Committee's issue ad effort. [Gannett News Service, 12/9/99; Washington Post, 9/15/96; Los Angeles Times, 9/11/96; AP Online, 5/18/00; www.campaignscoop.com; www.natmedia.com; Roll Call, 5/11/95]

BUSH AND DRUG COMPANIES OPPOSE MEANINGFUL COVERAGE THROUGH MEDICARE
Big Drug Companies Support Legislation that Avoids a Meaningful Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit.  In addition to the recent House prescription drug bill, big drug companies have supported the Breaux-Frist legislation (S. 1895) and the SPICE Act (Seniors Prescription Insurance Coverage Equity Act of 1999, S. 1480/H.R. 2782).  The industry preferred the Breaux-Frist legislation, which was first developed by the Bipartisan Medicare Commission, because it avoids a Medicare drug benefit and relies on private insurers and HMOs to provide drug coverage. [Addicting Congress: Drug Companies' Campaign Cash & Lobbying Expenses, Public Citizen, 7/00]

PhRMA Lobbied Against Guaranteed Benefit Under Medicare.  "Coats was hired recently by the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America to help lobby the Senate GOP leadership on the  prescription drug  issue.  PhRMA  worries that a Clinton Administration plan to provide a Medicare drug benefit to all seniors could lead to price controls. The group wants to build congressional backing for private-sector alternatives that would provide a more-targeted benefit to seniors." This approach is the same approach taken under Bush's plan. [National Journal, 2/26/00; www.georgewbush.com]

Industry Campaigned to "Undermine Support" for Prescription Drug Benefit.   In 1999, the drug industry's main trade group, the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), spent $30 million in ads to undermine support for a Medicare prescription drug benefit.  According to trade publications, PhRMA plans to run up to $35 million in additional ads in 2000. Moreover, a major direct mail and phone bank operations were to begin, polls were to be released and extensive lobbying of Capitol Hill was to occur.  In fact, one business lobbyist called the Medicare prescription drug benefit "the most dangerous expansion yet to be grafted onto (that) program." [PhRMA's Secret Play Book, Public Citizen Press Release, 1/26/00; National Journal's CongressDaily, 4/26/00]

BUSH PRESCRIPTION DRUG PLAN WOULDN'T LOWER PRICES FOR SENIORS  

BUSH PLAN REQUIRES SENIORS TO BEG HMOS AND PRIVATE INSURERS FOR COVERAGE; FAILS TO GUARANTEE ACCESS TO MEDICALLY NECESSARY DRUGS

Bush Would Force Seniors to Go To HMOs and Insurance Companies to Obtain Drug Coverage.  The Bush plan requires seniors to go to private insurers - including HMOs - in order to obtain a prescription drug benefit.  According to a Boston Globe editorial, "Gore wants to add the option of a prescription drug benefit to it (Medicare), * Bush's approach is different. He would invite private health insurers to compete for seniors' coverage with a variety of plans, some of which would offer drug benefits.  Bush would have the government pay 25 percent of the premiums for such benefits or for a drug benefit option he would add to the regular Medicare program. While no one under the Bush plan would have to pay more than $6,000 for drugs, the actual costs to subscribers would depend on the premiums, deductibles, and co-payments set by HMOs or other insurers. One question mark over the Bush plan is its workability: There is a risk that plans with extensive coverage would be chosen only by the infirm, which would make the plans very costly to the insurers and could lead to their collapse."  [Boston Globe editorial, 9/13/00]

Bush Plan Could Force Seniors into HMOs, Raise Medicare's Premiums, and Limit Access to Pharmacies.  The Bush plan would require seniors to join private insurance plans, including HMOs, in order to obtain prescription drug coverage.  Furthermore, the Bush plan could force even more seniors into private HMOs by raising Medicare's premiums.  The New York Times reports, "Some critics suggest that it is Mr. Bush's plan that would increase the number of older people enrolling in managed care*. A question is whether the premiums would rise for traditional Medicare causing more people to choose managed care."   Furthermore, Bush's prescription drug plan would, like the House Republican and Frist plans, provide private insurers and HMOs to contract out to a limited number of pharmacists and effectively limit access to pharmacies and drugs.  Al Gore's plan allows all pharmacists to have fair negotiations with insurers and pharmacy benefit managers to participate in health plans.  [New York Times, 9/17/00, georgewbush.com; Gore 2000 policy]

THE BUSH PLAN LEAVES OUT 7.1 MILLION MIDDLE CLASS SENIORS

Nearly Half of Medicare Beneficiaries Without Drug Coverage Would Not Be Covered By Bush, Including Middle Class.  Experts estimate 7.1 million seniors who currently do not have coverage would be left out of the Bush plan since it only provides premium support for seniors with incomes up to 175 percent of poverty ($14,600 for singles and $19,700 for couples) -- for example, a widow with an $18,000 income would not get any assistance. A yearly supply of Prilosec, a commonly prescribed ulcer medicine, could cost her over $1,400 a year or nearly 8 percent of her annual salary. The Economist reports, "* that Mr. Bush's plan will bring 3.8 (million) people under Medicare's new umbrella for drug insurance. Mr. Gore's scheme would cover all 11.7 (million) who lack such cover, largely because of the plans' different levels of premium subsidy and catastrophic coverage."  And Bush's catastrophic benefit is likely to only apply to 250,000 seniors, while Gore's would help 2.8 million. [Governing Magazine, 9/00; Testimony of Michael Hash, Deputy Administrator of HCFA Before the Senate Finance Committee, 3/29/00; The Economist, 9/9/00]

Private Insurers May Not Be Able To Provide An Affordable Benefit If Costs Are Too High.  The Bush plan supports giving seniors a prescription drug benefit by providing more private sector coverage options.  Bush, therefore, asks seniors to find a managed care plan that includes a prescription drug benefit, or remain without prescription drug coverage. The private insurance industry has already noted that stand alone prescription drug benefits are not feasible.  Blue Cross / Blue Shield noted that "to pass legislation to provide access to such coverage would constitute an empty promise to Medicare beneficiaries."    Private insurers may not even be able to provide combined medical and prescription drug benefits since an increasing number of HMOs are actually dropping Medicare beneficiaries from their plans.  Todd Richter, a health insurance analyst at Banc of America noted, "All the health insurers are running away from Medicare business right now."  [National Journal, 4/1/00; AP, 6/13/00; Blue Shield Association Letter to Senator Roth, 4/24/00; Reuters, 9/6/00] 

EVEN BUSH'S SHORT-TERM PLAN WOULD FAIL TO PROTECT MILLIONS OF SENIORS

Millions Of Seniors Would Be Left Out As State-Based Policies Would Provide Only a Patchwork of Protections.  States currently cover very few seniors.  Bush's short term plan touts a state block grant approach that he calls the "immediate helping plan."  However, only 22 states have any type of plan up and running today, and only 16 of those are actual insurance plans (and they only cover low-income and have had limited success), as opposed to discounts at the drug store.  Even including the estimated coverage for state plans that haven't been implemented yet, the best-case scenario for current non-Medicaid state prescription drug plans is coverage for 1,162,002 seniors nationwide.  Expanding coverage through this approach would no doubt leave millions of additional eligible beneficiaries behind. [NCSL, "State Senior Pharmaceutical Assistance Programs," 8/13/00; Governing Magazine, 9/00]

National Governor's Association Explicitly Rejected State-Run Drug Plans. In 2000, the National Governor's Association said the federal government should assume the cost and responsibility for providing prescription drug coverage for seniors.  Their resolution said, "If Congress decides to expand prescription drug coverage to seniors, it should not shift that responsibility or its costs to the states. *" [HR 39, adopted Winter Meeting, 2000]

BUSH CRITICIZED CONTAINING DRUG PRICES, EVEN THOUGH THAT IS KEY FOR HIS PLAN TO SUCCEED

High Drug Costs Key Reason HMOs Dropping Coverage.  According to the Bergen County Register, "The problem is some HMOs have had a disastrous experience trying to provide coverage for older people, since they tend to have more medical problems than younger people and cost more to cover. In the last two years, some HMOs that had contracted with states to provide coverage have dropped hundreds of thousands of  Medicare  beneficiaries. They said the costs were too high.  And news articles last week noted that HMO premiums in general are climbing 10 percent to 30 percent, mostly because of rapidly increasing drug costs. Medical care is getting more expensive, not less. It's hard to imagine that many HMOs would be eager to take on millions of elderly Americans, given the potential drain on their profits." [Record (Bergen County, NJ), 9/10/00]              

Vice President's Plan Would Reduce Costs Be Dealing in Bulk.  According to the Times Picayune, "Mr. Gore would not enlist HMO participation in his plan. Instead, the federal government would negotiate directly with  pharmaceutical companies  for lower  drug  prices. And since Medicare, which now covers 39 million older Americans, would be buying  prescription drugs in such huge quantities, consumer advocates say there's a good chance that drug prices would come down considerably." [Times-Picayune, 9/10/00]

Gore's Plan Would Put Advocates on Side of Seniors Over Drug Companies.  "Throughout the 1990s, the drug industry has been among the most profitable around. In 1999, the profit margin for the biggest drug makers averaged 18.9 percent, dwarfing the 5 percent average profit for all Fortune 500 firms, according to an independent analysis. Meanwhile, drug costs have outpaced price increases for other products.  Drugs have seen a 6.7 percent annual price increase while yearly inflation averaged 2.6 percent between 1991 and 1998.  Under Gore's plan, the government would hire pharmacy benefits managers to negotiate drug discounts for  Medicare  beneficiaries. Representing millions of
seniors at one time, they would be in a powerful position to demand lower prices." [Times-Picayune, 9/10/00]

Only Vice President's Plan Would Be Able to Negotiate Lower Prices.  "Further, Bush proposes that the government would subsidize prescription drug coverage to seniors offered through insurance  companies,  while Gore would offer a standard set of benefits to all  Medicare  recipients.  Bush, thus, would throw most elderly people on the mercy of insurers, who have cut and run on hundreds of  Medicare  recipients over the last two years while complaining that the government wasn't paying them enough. Under Gore's plan, patients would have to deal with the federal Health Care Financing Administration, which may be a faceless government bureaucracy - but it's one without the option of dumping them.  And  Medicare  would have the clout to bargain for lower prices on medicines. A study published this week by the General Accounting Office, the watchdog arm of Congress, found that federal purchasers were able to trim 19 percent off state Medicaid spending for prescriptions last year."  [News and Observer (Raleigh, NC); 9/8/00]      
Bush Said Price Negotiation in Gore Plan Was a "Hostile Takeover" of the Drug Industry.  Bush has said that Gore's plan to negotiate lower prices for seniors was a "hostile takeover of the drug industry." [Baltimore Sun, 9/6/00]

Dana Marie Kennedy
Director of Seniors Outreach
Democratic National Committee
(202) 863-7151
(202) 863-8063 - FAX
430 South Capitol Street, S.E.
Washington, DC 20003
E-mail:  kennedyd@dnc.democrats.org